Who ordered that Jesus be crucified according to Christian scriptures?

The choice indicating that Pontius Pilate ordered the crucifixion of Jesus is correct because, according to the New Testament of the Christian scriptures, he was the Roman governor of Judea at the time and played a crucial role in the trial and subsequent sentencing of Jesus. The Gospel accounts describe how Pilate, although finding no fault in Jesus, ultimately succumbed to the pressures of the crowd and Jewish leaders who demanded his crucifixion. This decision is significant as it highlights the political and social dynamics of the time, showcasing the conflict between Roman authority and the Jewish religious leadership.

While Herod Antipas is mentioned in the context of Jesus' trial, he did not have the authority to carry out a death sentence; rather, he sent Jesus back to Pilate for judgment. Julius Caesar lived before Jesus and had no role in the events surrounding his trial or crucifixion. Caiaphas, as the High Priest, indeed played a role in the legal proceedings against Jesus by initiating the trial, yet the final decision concerning the crucifixion was made by Pontius Pilate, marking him as the decisive authority in this pivotal moment in Christian history.