Which treaty ended the Mexican-American War and established the current U.S.-Mexico border?

The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, signed in 1848, effectively ended the Mexican-American War, a conflict driven by territorial disputes and the U.S. expansionist agenda known as Manifest Destiny. The treaty had significant implications as it did not only conclude the war but also resulted in Mexico ceding a vast amount of territory to the United States, which included present-day California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and parts of Colorado and New Mexico. This territorial acquisition established the current U.S.-Mexico border as we know it today.

The significance of the treaty lies not just in its immediate impact on U.S. territory, but also in how it altered the political landscape and the relations between the two nations. In contrast, the other treaties listed—such as the Treaty of Paris (which ended the Revolutionary War), the Treaty of Versailles (which concluded World War I), and the Jay Treaty (which aimed to resolve issues between the U.S. and Great Britain)—do not pertain to the U.S.-Mexico relationship or the specific territorial outcomes of the Mexican-American War.