Which Supreme Court case declared that racial segregation in public schools is unconstitutional?

The landmark Supreme Court case that declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional is Brown v. Board of Education. Decided in 1954, this case was a significant turning point in the American civil rights movement. The Court unanimously ruled that "separate but equal" educational facilities for racial minorities and whites were inherently unequal, and therefore violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.

This decision directly overturned the precedent set by Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896, which upheld the legality of racial segregation in public facilities under the "separate but equal" doctrine. Brown v. Board of Education effectively highlighted the detrimental impacts of segregation on African American children, showing that segregated schooling was not only unequal but also psychologically harmful. This ruling played a crucial role in mobilizing the civil rights movement and set the foundation for further legal challenges to racial discrimination in various areas of American life.

In contrast, Loving v. Virginia addressed the issue of interracial marriage and struck down laws banning such unions, while Miranda v. Arizona focused on the rights of the accused in police custody rather than civil rights and segregation issues.