What term is used for large, bowl-shaped volcanic depressions created by the collapse of a volcano?

The term used for large, bowl-shaped volcanic depressions created by the collapse of a volcano is "caldera." A caldera forms when a volcano erupts and loses a significant amount of magma from its underground reservoir, leading to the eventual collapse of the land above it. This results in a large, often circular depression that can sometimes fill with water, creating a lake.

Calderas often form from the explosive eruption of a volcano, where the structural integrity of the volcano is compromised and the summit landslide occurs because of the void left by the drained magma. This process is distinct from other formations such as craters, which are typically smaller and formed by the explosion from a volcanic vent or during the eruption itself, rather than by a collapse of the entire volcanic structure.

Understanding these terms is crucial in studying volcanic geology, as they encompass different aspects of volcanic activity and formation.