What is the name of the parallel of latitude that encircles the South Pole, where the sun does not set for continuous periods?

The parallel of latitude that encircles the South Pole is known as the Antarctic Circle. This circle marks the geographical point where, during the summer solstice, the sun does not set for an extended period, leading to a phenomenon called the Midnight Sun. This occurs because, as the Earth tilts on its axis, the southern hemisphere experiences 24 hours of sunlight in the summer months, particularly at latitudes above this circle.

The Antarctic Circle is significant in understanding the Earth's tilt and seasonal changes, and it specifically pertains to the southernmost regions. In contrast, the other mentioned parallels have different relevance. The Equator divides the Earth into the northern and southern hemispheres, but it does not experience polar day or night. The Arctic Circle is associated with regions near the North Pole, experiencing similar phenomena as the Antarctic Circle but location-wise, it pertains to the northern hemisphere. The Tropic of Capricorn, meanwhile, is significant for marking the southernmost point where the sun can be directly overhead, but it does not involve the continuous daylight experienced within the Antarctic Circle.